Among
the cave sites with particularly interesting archaeological contents is Alu
Lena ( Alu Galge) at Attanagoda near Kegalle. The Galge or the rock shelter
derives its name from the presence of ashes (alu) across the 5 x 3 m floor, a
testimony to historic occupation of the site by game poachers. Beneath this
recent accumulation are several layered deposits of travertine of which the
uppermost contains lithic and skeletal materials. A number of faunal and human
specimens have been found covered with a calcium encrustation that is due to
their exposure to water falling from the drip ledge of the shelter. The
outlier, of which the rock shelter is a part, is weathered into deep cavities
that retain water well into the dry season, perhaps a critical factor in ancient
human occupation.
An archaeological party under the direction of P. E. P. Deraniyagala that
visited the site in 1954 discovered lithic and skeletal materials in a single
test pit. The team found a poorly preserved human skeleton laid off its left
side in a flexed position, facing east and covered with stones. In direct
association with the human bones were found shells of Acavus superbus, Cyclopgorus, Autopoma, and two
species of paludomus. Snail
and mollusk shells of these genera were found elsewhere on the cave floor along
with a few specimens of Pila.
Of the reptiles, Lissemys,
Testudo, and Varanus were
identified. Other bones were identified as deer, monkey, buffalo, porcupine,
and squirrel, all species existing on the island today. Fragments of chert and
quartz were scattered throughout the site, but the only obvious stone tools are
the unpitted pebbles of which three have ground surfaces. Deraniyagala
suggested that some of the bones, teeth, and antler fragments had been shaped
as tools.
mong
the pre-historic sites of Sri Lanka, Alu Lena, which is also known as Alu Galge
receives a prominent place. It is located in Kegalle district, near Attanagoda
area. Reaching the caves is a wonderful journey which is almost an Eco-tour.
The caves got its name from the Sinhalese word “Alu” which refers to ashes that
are visible on the caves.
This site has an immense archaeological value. Several human
specimens, as well as animal bones have been found in the site. Lithic and
skeletons that have been found in the site by the archaeologists clearly prove
that ancient settlements have been existed in this area. The ruins give an idea
on the life styles spent by the prehistoric man. Those who are interested in
exploring the history of Sri Lanka and on its ancient settlements, Alu Lena
might be the ideal venue for the next visit.
Colombo to Alu caves distance: 82Km
